Testing Social Change

Conservatives—among whom I would count myself in this context—have long warned against unconsidered changes to social norms, cautioning that such innovations may carry risks we do not fully understand. When…

Simplifying Blame

One of the basic findings of psychology is that wherever strong emotions are involved, it becomes very difficult for us to observe a conflict with any degree of balance. We…

The Expert Illusion

Philip Tetlock has spent decades studying the art—and failure—of forecasting. He gathered a vast archive of predictions, both published and private, tracked which ones came true, and sorted the results…

Rethinking Limited Government

It was once taken for granted that in times of war, government must be strong, decisive, and—if necessary—nearly unconstrained. Only such a government could marshal the resources required for victory.…

Speculation Over Production

Professor Budil and I often approach the same questions from opposite angles. Take his concept of “cognitive intolerance,” which broadly corresponds to what I describe as rationality. The difference is…